Original Province-Year Source Data for Biomass Energy Carbon Reduction Analysis in China, 2012–2023

This dataset contains province-year source data compiled by the authors from publicly available statistical records released by the National Bureau of Statistics of China. The original records were obtained from multiple official statistical tables and reorganized into a unified dataset covering 31 mainland provincial-level administrative units from 2012 to 2023. The deposited dataset contains observations prior to biomass-resource classification, coefficient conversion, biomass energy carbon reduction calculation, variable transformation, interpolation, normalization, and model-specific preprocessing. Blank cells indicate observations that were unavailable in the original statistical sources and should not be interpreted as zero. The workbook contains an English-language source-data sheet and an English data dictionary documenting the variable names, definitions, original units, data sources, source URL, and missing-value notation. This dataset supports the manuscript entitled “Spatiotemporal Evolution and Driving Mechanisms of Biomass Energy Carbon Reduction in China” submitted to Biomass and Bioenergy (Manuscript No. JBAB-D-26-01302).