Data from: Comparison of turbulent transport dissimilarity and the role of coherent structures in the unstable surface layer between urban and rural areas

The dataset was collected from the 325-m meteorological tower in Beijing (39.97°N, 116.37°E, 140 m level) and the 102-m tower in Xianghe (39.75°N, 116.96°E, 32 m level) during July 2017. Each site was equipped with a Gill WindMaster Pro sonic anemometer and a LI-COR LI-7500A open-path gas analyzer to measure wind components, air temperature, H₂O, and CO₂ concentrations at 10 Hz. At the urban site, surface radiation components were additionally measured using a CNR1 radiometer. After quality control, valid 30-min flux segments were archived for use. The dataset consists of one Excel file and four text files corresponding to the observational analysis and case studies presented in the manuscript. The Excel file (data1.xlsx) contains processed meteorological variables and turbulence statistics for both the urban and rural sites. The four text files provide 10-Hz turbulent fluctuation data for representative case studies at the two sites, corresponding to the urban and rural observations at 08:30 and 12:30 on 12 July 2017, and are used for the wavelet analysis.