Dataset#1 Livestock in the life of Ekaterinburg in the 19th century based on the materials of protection excavations at 69 Dekabristov street

Dataset#1 Livestock in the life of Ekaterinburg in the 19th century based on the materials of protection excavations at 69 Dekabristov street.

The dataset contains primary data, a list of pathologies, the size of the bones of cattle and caprines and the size of bones with pathologies.

The article publishes the results of an archaeozoological study of faunal remains from a residential area of the city of Yekaterinburg, dating back to the 19th century. The aim of the work is to reconstruct the meat nutrition system of the city residents and the structure of the meat market, as well as to reconstruct the dimensional data of the livestock sold for sale. The materials of the work are represented by the bones of livestock, which are waste from cooking. A number of bone products are also considered, which are represented by dice and household items. When processing the bones of domestic animals, conventional archaeozoological techniques were used. Comparative data on modern cattle were used to interpret pathologies on the bones of livestock. Analysis of the osteological collection showed a noticeable prevalence of cattle bones over all other types of domestic animals. In the diet of the inhabitants of Yekaterinburg in the 19th century, beef was of paramount importance. For meat and subsequent sale, mainly young bulls and sheep were slaughtered. Butchering the carcasses of slaughtered cattle was carried out with an ax. Paleopathological analysis did not reveal evidence of unsatisfactory conditions for keeping livestock and the fact of the working use of bulls.

数据集#1：基于19世纪叶卡捷琳堡生活之动物在69德卡布里斯特夫街保护性挖掘材料中的研究。本数据集包含原始数据，包括病理列表、家畜和山羊骨骼的尺寸以及带病理的骨骼尺寸。该文发表了关于叶卡捷琳堡市19世纪住宅区动物遗骸的考古动物学研究成果。研究旨在重建城市居民的肉类营养体系和肉类市场的结构，以及重构销售的牲畜的尺寸数据。工作材料由烹饪废料中的牲畜骨骼构成。此外，还考虑了一些骨骼制品，如骰子和家用物品。在处理家畜骨骼时，采用了传统的考古动物学技术。利用现代牛的比较数据来解释牲畜骨骼上的病理。骨骼收藏的分析显示出家畜骨骼相较于其他家畜骨骼的显著优势。在19世纪的叶卡捷琳堡居民饮食中，牛肉占据着举足轻重的地位。主要用于肉食和销售的牲畜主要是年轻的公牛和羊。屠宰家畜时使用斧头进行。古病理学分析未发现牲畜饲养条件不佳的证据以及牛被用作劳动力的现象。