中国1km分辨率逐月降水量数据集（1901-2017）

该数据集为中国逐月降水量数据，空间分辨率为0.0083333°（约1km），时间为1901.1-2017.12。数据格式为NETCDF，即.nc格式。该数据集是根据CRU发布的全球0.5°气候数据集以及WorldClim发布的全球高分辨率气候数据集，通过Delta空间降尺度方案在中国地区降尺度生成的。并且，使用496个独立气象观测点数据进行验证，验证结果可信。本数据集包含的地理空间范围是全国主要陆地（包含港澳台地区），不含南海岛礁等区域。为了便于存储，数据均为int16型存于nc文件中，降水单位分别为0.1mm。
nc数据可使用ArcMAP软件打开制图; 并可用Matlab软件进行提取处理，Matlab发布了读入与存储nc文件的函数，读取函数为ncread，切换到nc文件存储文件夹，语句表达为：ncread (‘XXX.nc’,‘var’, [i j t],[leni lenj lent])，其中XXX.nc为文件名，为字符串需要’’；var是从XXX.nc中读取的变量名，为字符串需要’’；i、j、t分别为读取数据的起始行、列、时间，leni、lenj、lent i分别为在行、列、时间维度上读取的长度。这样，研究区内任何地区、任何时间段均可用此函数读取。Matlab的help里面有很多关于nc数据的命令，可查看。

This dataset contains monthly precipitation data for China, with a spatial resolution of 0.0083333° (approximately 1 km) and a temporal coverage from January 1901 to December 2017. The data are stored in NETCDF format, i.e., .nc files.

This dataset was generated via the Delta spatial downscaling scheme applied over China, using the global 0.5° climate dataset released by the Climatic Research Unit (CRU) and the global high-resolution climate dataset released by WorldClim. It was validated against 496 independent meteorological observation station datasets, and the validation results confirm its reliability.

The geographic scope of this dataset covers major terrestrial areas across China (including Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan regions), excluding regions such as the South China Sea islands and reefs. To facilitate storage, all data are stored as int16 data type in .nc files, with the precipitation unit set to 0.1 mm.

The .nc data can be opened and used for mapping with ArcMAP software. It can also be extracted and processed using Matlab. Matlab provides built-in functions for reading and writing .nc files, among which the reading function is `ncread`. By navigating to the directory where the target .nc file is stored, the usage syntax is: `ncread ('XXX.nc','var', [i j t],[leni lenj lent])`, where `XXX.nc` is the filename (a string enclosed in single quotes), `var` is the name of the target variable to be read from XXX.nc (also a string enclosed in single quotes), `i`, `j`, and `t` respectively represent the starting row, column, and time index for data extraction, while `leni`, `lenj`, and `lent` respectively denote the extraction lengths along the row, column, and temporal dimensions. This function can be used to extract data for any region and time period within the study area. Numerous commands related to .nc data are available in the Matlab Help documentation for further reference.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集提供了中国1901年至2017年逐月降水量数据，空间分辨率约1公里，数据格式为NETCDF，单位为0.1毫米。数据集通过Delta降尺度方法生成，并经过496个气象站验证，适用于中国气候变化研究。