列车车轮滚动接触疲劳裂纹评价研究

列车车轮踏面表层金属滚动接触疲劳是影响列车运行安全性和舒适性的核心科学问题. 借助金相显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜和显微硬度计，通过开展列车车轮材料的标准滚动接触疲劳试验，将标准接触疲劳样品的损伤行为与实际服役车轮的损伤行为对比分析，研究了列车车轮的滚动接触疲劳裂纹评价方法. 结果表明：车轮表层金属接触疲劳开裂是表层金属累积塑性变形损伤的结果；标准滚动接触疲劳样品剥离坑的深度恰好等于硬化层的深度，实际服役车轮剥离坑的深度小于硬化层的深度；将车轮表面的滚动接触疲劳裂纹命名为“三角形指向性裂纹”；初步建立了车轮表面滚动接触疲劳损伤程度的定量评价方法.

Rolling contact fatigue of surface metal on train wheel tread is a core scientific issue affecting the safety and comfort of train operations. In this study, using optical metallurgical microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and microhardness tester, standard rolling contact fatigue tests were conducted on train wheel materials. By comparing and analyzing the damage behaviors of standard contact fatigue specimens with those of actual service-worn train wheels, the evaluation method for rolling contact fatigue cracks of train wheels was investigated. The results show that: contact fatigue cracking of the surface metal of train wheels stems from cumulative plastic deformation damage of the surface metal; the depth of spalling pits on standard rolling contact fatigue specimens is exactly equal to that of the hardened layer, while the depth of spalling pits on actual service-worn train wheels is smaller than that of the hardened layer; the rolling contact fatigue cracks on the wheel surface were named "triangular directional cracks"; and a quantitative evaluation method for the degree of rolling contact fatigue damage on the wheel surface was preliminarily established.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集专注于列车车轮滚动接触疲劳裂纹的评价研究，通过对比标准样品与实际服役车轮的损伤行为，揭示了车轮表层金属接触疲劳开裂源于累积塑性变形损伤，并提出了“三角形指向性裂纹”的命名和初步的定量评价方法。数据集包含实验数据和分析结果，旨在为列车运行安全性和舒适性提供科学依据，属于摩擦学领域，采用开放获取许可（CC BY 4.0）。