Significance of changes in casein gene expression.

Casein gene expression was measured in wild-type mice [+/+], heterozygous mice [+/−] and α-casein deficient mice [−/−] using quantitative PCR. The results were correlated with the expression of the reference gene β-actin. Quantification of α-casein was done in 3 [+/+], 7 [+/−] and 5 [−/−] mice. Quantification of β-casein was done in 3 [+/+], 8 [+/−] and 4 [−/−] mice. Quantification of γ- and k-casein was done in 3 [+/+], 3 [+/−] and 3 [−/−] mice. The data were analysed by ANOVA for one way comparisons. The p values obtained for the different comparisons are shown. P values in bold print are below the cut off points of 0.01 or 0.001 (as indicated).