Dual RNA-seq analysis reveals the interaction between multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and host in a mouse model of pneumonia

Multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (MDR-KP) poses a significant global health threat, associated with high morbidity and mortality rates among hospitalized patients. The interaction between MDR-KP and its host is highly complex. Here, we explored these interactions in a mouse model of pneumonia using dual RNA-seq analysis.Our results revealed that, compared to the low-dose group, the high-dose group significantly upregulated hypoxia and pro-inflammatory cytokine-related genes in the host, and siderophore-related genes in the bacteria. Correlation analysis demonstrated a significant association between siderophore-related genes and clusters of genes related to pro-inflammatory cytokines and hypoxia. Mice were infected with either high or low doses of Klebsiella pneumoniae strain NY13307. Dual RNA sequencing analysis of the lung tissues from infected mice was performed at 0 h, 6 h, 12 h, 18 h, and 24 h post-infection, with three mice per group.The lung tissues of healthy mice and the bacterial suspension in PBS were used as control groups for the host and bacteria, respectively.