Table 4 in Simonachne, a new genus for Australia segregated from Ancistrachne s. l. (Poaceae: Panicoideae: Paniceae) and a new subtribe Cleistochloinae

Table 4. Summary of differences in micromorphology and anatomy of Simonachne maidenii and Ancistrachne uncinulata.
CharacterSimonachne maideniiAncistrachne uncinulataUpper lemma ofSurface textureMinutely longitudinally striateSmoothterminal spikeletPapillaeAbsentTruncate apex type, in regularly to irregular spaced in longitudinal rowsAnticlinal walls of long cellsElongated U-shapeU-shapeStigma lobesAppressedAscendingLower lemma ofStomataSubsidiary cells triangularAbsentterminal spikeletSilica bodiesBilobate and polylobate, dumb bell type, 11–20 µm long, approximately as wide as long, narrow waste and indented endsBilobate, dumb bell type, 9–15 µm, approximately as wide as long, broad waste and rounded ends; similar to those on culmsMicrohairsBicellular only, 50–70 µm longBicellular, 40–50 µm long, proximal cell 40% of length of distal; densely covered in pricklesEpicuticular waxFilmPlateletsLeaf x-sectionBundle sheath of midveinTwo rings; inner, several adaxial thin-walled cells and a ‘horse-shoe’ of thick-walled cells; outer ring of clear thin-walled cells decreasing in size abaxiallyTwo rings; inner incomplete, a few adaxial thinwalled cells, several thick-walled cells and interrupted abaxially by sclerenchyma; outer ring of clear thin-walled cells largest in the centre, interrupted abaxially by several thick-walled cellsBundle sheath of tertiary veinsA single ring of thin-walled clear cells; cells relatively even sized mostly as large as the largest cells in the midvein bundlesDouble ring; inner composed of small thin-walled cells; outer, adaxial half thin-walled clear cells and abaxial half thick-walled cellsDorsal sclerenchyma1 or 2 cells deep × 4 or 5 cells wide2 or 3 cells deep × 5–8 cells wideChlorenchymaRadiate adjacent to outer bundle sheath; palisade adjacent to bulliform cellsNot or indistinctly radiate adjacent to bundle sheath; radiating adjacent to bulliform cellsFertile culm x-sectionPeripheral sclerenchymaTangential, <10 cells wide × 1–3 cells deep; strandRadiate, 3 or 4 cells wide × ~8 cells deep; girderChlorenchyma~8 cells wide × 2 or 3 cells deep; fringed by clear parenchyma on the inner margin; ring of sclerenchyma absent~8 cells wide × 4–7 cells deep; usually fringed on the inner margin by a band of sclerenchyma one to several cells wide and pale green parenchymaVascular bundles (vbs)Three sizes of vbs, tertiary, secondary and primary; circular; all vbs encircled by a ring of clear thinwalled cells and with an inner ring of sclerenchyma; vbs separated by thin-walled clear cells; secondary vbs adjacent to chlorenchymaTwo sizes of vbs, tertiary and primary; circular; vbs surrounded by sclerenchymaAbaxial leaf surfaceStomata40–42 µm long, subsidiary cells low triangular18–32 µm long, subsidiary cells parallel sided with rounded endsSilica bodies~50% trilobed dumbbell type; constricted at centre, indented at endsDumbbell type; wide central area, rounded endsIntercostal long cells<130 µm long<70 µm longAnticlinal walls of costal long cellsΩ-shapeU-shapeFertile culm surfaceStomataSubsidiary cells low triangular, guard cells visibleEnds of subsidiary cells nodular, guard cells recessed, often obscure; different from those on leavesSilica bodiesAbsent or sparseAbundant; saddle-shaped, 8–14 µm long, wide central area, rounded at ends; different from those on leavesIndumentumScabrid with spicules and muriculate with pricklesSparsely muriculate with hooks