CLINICAL-ANAMNESTIC AND PATHOMORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ESOPHAGEAL MALIGNANCIES AMONG THE POPULATION OF THE FERGANA VALLEY

Background: The Fergana Valley is identified as a high-risk region for esophageal cancer (EC) due to a combination of unique dietary habits, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices. Objectives: This study aims to analyze the clinical-anamnestic patterns and pathomorphological features of esophageal malignancies in this specific population to improve early diagnosis and prevention strategies. Methods: A retrospective analysis of clinical records and biopsy reports from regional oncological centers was conducted, focusing on patients diagnosed between 2018 and 2026. Results: The majority of cases are diagnosed at advanced stages (III-IV). Squamous cell carcinoma remains the dominant histological type (88%). Key anamnestic triggers include the consumption of "nasway," hot beverages, and nutritional deficiencies. Conclusion: Targeted screening programs focusing on the specific risk factors of the Fergana Valley population are essential to reduce the mortality associated with esophageal malignancies.