Residential burning is a potentially significant source of soluble iron to the ocean

README — Fe emissions inventories for 'Residential burning is a potentially significant source of soluble iron to the ocean' Institution:North Carolina State University — Department of Marine, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences (NCSU-MEAS) Contacts: Douglas S. Hamilton — [e-mail] Haley E. Plaas — [e-mail] ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1. Description Emissions Input Files (#1-5) Iron (Fe) emissions from anthropogenic burning activities -- segregated into 5 or 6 fuel-sources (industrial coal burning (INDCOAL), residential coal burning (RESICOAL), residential wood/biofuel burning (BIOF), industrial oil burning (OIL), and industrial smelting (SMELT), with the 3rd inventory also including a separate tracer for waste burning (WASTE)). Five new Fe emissions inventories are provided: 1) a "High" residential emissions case, for a present day climatology, 2) a "Central-High" residential emissions case, for a present day climatology, and 3) a "Central" residential emissions case, for a present day climatology. All three present day inventories are built upon the inventories described in Rathod et al., 2020 (https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JD032114) and Rathod et al., 2024 (https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JD040332). 4-5) are both "High" cases with but for future projected iron emissions under Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) 3-7.0, for the middle (2040-2050) and end (2090-2100) of the century, respectively. Emissions inventory development methodology is detailed in the accompanying manuscript. Three inventories of increasing source grouping complexity evaluate key uncertainties in representing residential coal combustion Fe emissions: 'High' (460 Gg yr⁻¹), 'Central-High' (16 Gg yr⁻¹), and 'Central' (4.9 Gg yr⁻¹). Model Output Files (#6-17) Fe deposition fluxes and mixing ratios at the surface are reported using the Mechanism of Intermediate Complexity for Modeling Iron (MIMI), an iron chemistry module embedded in CESM2-CAM6, as presented in Hamilton et al., 2019 (https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-3835-2019). Several model simulation outputs are provided with variation in a) emissions era, b) anthropogenic Fe emissions input files, and c) fuel-source specific fractional solubility parameterizations, amongst model cases. Here, upper and lower bounds for Fe fluxes are provided as primary outputs, but other intermediate solubility cases (via the CENTRAL-HIGH emissions inventory, as well as the -RESI, and -IND solubility cases) are available upon request. 6-7) Reveal the global distribution of Fe when using pre-industrial anthropogenic emissions (PI; 1850 climatology), with two solubility parameterizations (-BASE, wherein biofuel burning is set to 10% fractional solubility) and (-BIOF, wherein biofuel burning solubility is set to 56%). Emissions dataset for these runs are reported in Hamilton et al., 2020 (https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL089688). Note, there is no emissions inventory denoted here (HIGH vs. CENTRAL), because residential coal emissions are not represented in the PI inventory. 8-11) Reveal the global distribution of Fe when using present day anthropogenic emissions (PD; 2010 climatology), with two emissions inventories (HIGH and CENTRAL), and two solubility parameterizations -BASE, wherein residential coal burning is set to 0.2% fractional solubility, industrial coal burning is set to 0.2%, biofuel burning is set to 10%, oil burning is set to 38%, smelting is set to 0.03%, and waste burning is set to 1.5%. In the -BIOF case, residential coal burning is updated to 33% fractional solubility and biofuel burning is updated to 56% fractional solubility. Fractional solubilities for the other sources are detailed in the manuscript. 12-13) Reveal the global distribution of Fe when using mid-century projected anthropogenic emissions under Shared Socioeconomic Pathway 3-7.0 (SSP70; 2050 climatology), the high residential burning emissions inventory (HIGH), and two solubility parameterizations (-BASE and -BIOF). 14-15) Reveal the global distribution of Fe when using end-century projected anthropogenic emissions under Shared Socioeconomic Pathway 3-7.0 (SSP70; 2100 climatology), the high residential burning emissions inventory (HIGH), and two solubility parameterizations (-BASE and -BIOF). ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. NetCDF File Details Model Inputs Naming convention: Anthropogenic_Fe_Emissions_{era}_{year}_{emissions case}.nc 1) Anthropogenic_Fe_Emissions_PD-2010_HIGH.nc2) Anthropogenic_Fe_Emissions_PD-2010_CENTRAL-HIGH.nc 3) Anthropogenic_Fe_Emissions_PD-2010_CENTRAL.nc 4) Anthropogenic_Fe_Emissions_SSP370-MidCentury-2050_HIGH.nc5) Anthropogenic_Fe_Emissions_SSP370-EndCentury-2100_HIGH.nc Description: 1-4) Annual mean emission fluxUnits: kg m⁻² s⁻¹Grid: 0.92° × 1.25° global regular gridCoordinates: Latitude −90.0 → 90.0°, Longitude 0.0 → 358.75° Data Variables:Variable Name (dims) Long Description RESICOAL_Fe_Coarse (lat, lon) Coarse Mode Residential Coal-Fe EmissionsINDCOAL_Fe_Coarse (lat, lon) Coarse Mode Industrial Coal-Fe EmissionsOIL_Fe_Coarse (lat, lon) Coarse Mode Oil (shipping + transportation)-Fe EmissionsSMELT_Fe_Coarse (lat, lon) Coarse Mode Smelting-Fe EmissionsWASTE_Fe_Coarse (lat, lon) Coarse Mode Waste-Fe EmissionsBIOF_Fe_Coarse (lat, lon) Coarse Mode Wood/Biofuel-Fe Emissions RESICOAL_Fe_Fine (lat, lon) Fine Mode Residential Coal-Fe EmissionsINDCOAL_Fe_Fine (lat, lon) Fine Mode Industrial Coal-Fe EmissionsOIL_Fe_Fine (lat, lon) Fine Mode Oil (shipping + transportation)-Fe EmissionsSMELT_Fe_Fine (lat, lon) Fine Mode Smelting-Fe EmissionsWASTE_Fe_Fine (lat, lon) Fine Mode Waste-Fe EmissionsBIOF_Fe_Fine (lat, lon) Fine Mode Wood/Biofuel-Fe Emissions Model Outputs Naming convention: CESM-CAM6-MIMI_Anthropogenic_Fe_{era}_{year}_{solubility case}_{emissions case}.nc 6) CESM-CAM6-MIMI_Anthropogenic_Fe_PI-1850_BASE.nc7) CESM-CAM6-MIMI_Anthropogenic_Fe_PI-1850_BIOF.nc8) CESM-CAM6-MIMI_Anthropogenic_Fe_PD-2010_BASE_HIGH.nc9) CESM-CAM6-MIMI_Anthropogenic_Fe_PD-2010_BASE_CENTRAL.nc10) CESM-CAM6-MIMI_Anthropogenic_Fe_PD-2010_RESI_HIGH.nc11) CESM-CAM6-MIMI_Anthropogenic_Fe_PD-2010_RESI_CENTRAL.nc12) CESM-CAM6-MIMI_Anthropogenic_Fe_PD-2010_BIOF_HIGH.nc13) CESM-CAM6-MIMI_Anthropogenic_Fe_PD-2010_BIOF_CENTRAL.nc14) CESM-CAM6-MIMI_Anthropogenic_Fe_SSP370-2050_BASE_HIGH.nc15) CESM-CAM6-MIMI_Anthropogenic_Fe_SSP370-2050_BIOF_HIGH.nc16) CESM-CAM6-MIMI_Anthropogenic_Fe_SSP370-2100_BASE_HIGH.nc17) CESM-CAM6-MIMI_Anthropogenic_Fe_SSP370-2100_BIOF_HIGH.nc Description: Daily Deposition Fluxes and Surface Mixing Ratios for FeUnits: kg m⁻² s⁻¹ (Fluxes); kg kg-1 (Surface Mixing Ratio)Grid: 0.92° × 1.25° global regular gridCoordinates: Latitude −90.0 → 90.0°, Longitude 0.0 → 358.75°, Time daily values 01-01-2009 to 12-31-2011 Data Variables:Variable Name (dims) Long Description FEANTOTWET (lat, lon, time) Total Fe Wet Deposition from Anthropogenic SourceFEANSOLWET (lat, lon, time) Soluble Fraction Fe Wet Deposition from Anthropogenic SourceFEANTOTDRY (lat, lon, time) Total Fe Dry Deposition from Anthropogenic SourceFEANSOLDRY (lat, lon, time) Soluble Fraction Fe Dry Deposition from Anthropogenic SourceFEANTOTSRF (lat, lon, time) Total Fe at Surface from Anthropogenic SourceFEANSOLSRF (lat, lon, time) Soluble Fraction Fe at Surface from Anthropogenic Source FEBBTOTWET (lat, lon, time) Total Fe Wet Deposition from Biomass Burning SourceFEBBSOLWET (lat, lon, time) Soluble Fraction Fe Wet Deposition from Biomass Burning SourceFEBBTOTDRY (lat, lon, time) Total Fe Dry Deposition from Biomass Burning SourceFEBBSOLDRY (lat, lon, time) Soluble Fraction Fe Dry Deposition from Biomass Burning SourceFEBBTOTSRF (lat, lon, time) Total Fe at Surface from Biomass Burning SourceFEBBSOLSRF (lat, lon, time) Soluble Fraction Fe at Surface from Biomass Burning Source FEDUTOTWET (lat, lon, time) Total Fe Wet Deposition from Mineral Dust SourceFEDUSOLWET (lat, lon, time) Soluble Fraction Fe Wet Deposition from Mineral Dust SourceFEDUTOTDRY (lat, lon, time) Total Fe Dry Deposition from Mineral Dust SourceFEDUSOLDRY (lat, lon, time) Soluble Fraction Fe Dry Deposition from Mineral Dust SourceFEDUTOTSRF (lat, lon, time) Total Fe at Surface from Mineral Dust SourceFEDUSOLSRF (lat, lon, time) Soluble Fraction Fe at Surface from Mineral Dust Source ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Global Mean Anthropogenic Fe Flux Budgets, by fuel-type (Tg/yr) For Present Day Climatologies ----------------------------------------------- Present Day (2009-2011) HIGH-RESIDENTIAL EMISSIONSCoarse+Fine Mode RESICOAL 0.4644Coarse+Fine Mode INDCOAL 0.3053Coarse+Fine Mode OIL 0.0345Coarse+Fine Mode BIOF 0.0715Coarse+Fine Mode SMELT 1.3453 Total for all Fuel Types 2.2209 (Tg/yr) CENTRAL-HIGH-RESIDENTIAL EMISSIONSCoarse+Fine Mode RESICOAL 0.0163Coarse+Fine Mode INDCOAL 0.7534Coarse+Fine Mode OIL 0.0345Coarse+Fine Mode BIOF 0.0715Coarse+Fine Mode SMELT 1.3453 Total for all Fuel Types 2.2209 (Tg/yr) CENTRAL-RESIDENTIAL EMISSIONSCoarse+Fine Mode RESICOAL 0.0049Coarse+Fine Mode INDCOAL 0.7653Coarse+Fine Mode OIL 0.0345Coarse+Fine Mode BIOF 0.0705Coarse+Fine Mode SMELT 1.3453 Coarse+Fine Mode WASTE 0.0009 Total for all Fuel Types 2.2215 (Tg/yr) For Future Climatologies ----------------------------------------------- Mid-Century (2040-2050) HIGH-RESIDENTIAL EMISSIONSCoarse+Fine Mode RESICOAL 0.3820Coarse+Fine Mode INDCOAL 0.5632Coarse+Fine Mode OIL 0.0336Coarse+Fine Mode BIOF 0.0770Coarse+Fine Mode SMELT 1.3453 Total for all Fuel Types 2.4011 (Tg/yr) ------------------------------------------------ End-Century (2090-2100) HIGH-RESIDENTIAL EMISSIONSCoarse+Fine Mode RESICOAL 0.1508Coarse+Fine Mode INDCOAL 0.3849Coarse+Fine Mode OIL 0.0279Coarse+Fine Mode BIOF 0.0590Coarse+Fine Mode SMELT 1.3453 Total for all Fuel Types 1.9679 (Tg/yr) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Citations For use of these inventories, please cite the peer-reviewed scientific article that first credits this work: Li & Plaas, et al., pre-print: DOI: https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-4058