HSV-1 infection of neural system-derived cells, including SH-SY5Y and U87MG cells at 0, 4 and 10 hour post infection with an MOI of 0.01,to identify the differentially expressed miRNAs and perform pathway enrichment analysis using KEGG.

we employed human miRNA Microarray assay to identify differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs in response to HSV-1 infection of SH-SY5Y and U87MG cells. The significantly DE miRNAs existed in U87MG but not SH-SY5Y cells at 4 hours post-infection (hpi), HSV-1 latency-associated transcripts (LAT)-derived miRNAs were not abundantly expressed in both SH-SY5Y and U87MG cells, meanwhile, HSV-1 replication was significantly inhibited in U87MG but not SH-SY5Y. Pathway enrichment analysis results showed that target genes of 10 down-regulated DE miRNAs were significantly enriched in Janus kinase-signal transducers and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) signaling and Herpes simplex virus infection in U87MG cells at 4 hpi. These results indicated that DE of miRNAs may contribute to the HSV-1 replication inhibition in U87MG cells and also may be linked to HSV-1 latency in neurons. The celluar miRNAs expression profile respond to HSV-1 infection in SH-SY5Y and U87MG cells at 0, 4 and 10 hours post infection with an MOI of 0.01. 1 independent experiment was performed at the each time point (total 6 experiments)