Isoflurane anesthesia alters ³¹P magnetic resonance spectroscopy markers compared to awake mouse brain

Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (³¹P MRS) enables noninvasive measurement of brain energy metabolism. Preclinical studies are typically performed under isoflurane anesthesia, which can alter neuronal activity and metabolism. To address this, we compared ³¹P MRS in awake, MR-habituated mice and under isoflurane anesthesia. We demonstrate that awake ³¹P MRS in MR-habituated mice is feasible and provides spectra of comparable quality to those acquired under anesthesia. Importantly, we show that isoflurane alters brain metabolism, reducing PCr, intracellular pH, and PME levels. , , # Data from: Isoflurane anesthesia alters ^31^P magnetic resonance spectroscopy markers compared to awake mouse brain Dataset DOI: [10.5061/dryad.76hdr7t80](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.76hdr7t80) ## Description of the data and file structure These data were collected to investigate brain energy metabolism in mice using in vivo phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (³¹P MRS). Experiments included inter-variability, intra-variability, and awake versus anesthetized conditions. For each experiment, respiration rate and body temperature were recorded during ISIS scans, ³¹P MR spectra were acquired and processed in TopSpin, and metabolite integrals were extracted. **Note on temperature measurements:** In the awake versus anesthetized experiments, temperature was measured on the abdominal surface, which underestimates core body temperature by ~3.5 °C. For mice M1 and F2, the temperature probe was slightly misplaced; however, body temperature was maintained in the same fashion as in ...,