EULIAA - Validation data

This resource complements the knowledge resource "EULIAA - Measurement data" (DOI: 10.60566/fkvdv-51b32), which is the main resource within the knowledge package "EULIAA: European Lidar Array for Atmospheric Climate Monitoring" (DOI?). That resource is dedicated to measurements from field campaigns conducted within the EULIAA project; it contains vertical profiles of wind, aerosol, and, when available, temperature.
In the present resource, reference data from various measurement or modeling sources are shared. These data are colocated with, or geographically close to, the EULIAA instruments. The purpose of these data is (i) to help validate the EULIAA technology through comparisons of atmospheric profiles and (ii) to fill gaps when EULIAA measurements are impossible due to, e.g., severe weather.
Specifically, the dataset includes:

(1) Radiosonde profiles
(2) ECMWF IFS model data, including operational runs and reanalyses
(3) Ceilometer measurements (from the E-Profile network)
(4) Radar wind profiler and/or Doppler wind lidar measurements (from the E-Profile network).
Below, we detail the contents, specificities, and data policy associated with each of these datasets.
(1) Radiosonde profiles
Content: single vertical profiles of the main atmospheric parameters, including horizontal wind and temperature.
Format: csv files
Source: University of Wyoming, openly accessible via https://weather.uwyo.edu/upperair/sounding.shtml .
Proper attribution must be given if the data are used.
(1b) For the specific case of campaigns in France, the source is Météo-France. The data may be freely used, redistributed, and adapted (open data policy, https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Licence_Ouverte.pdf) with proper attribution. For Météo-France data, see https://donneespubliques.meteofrance.fr/?fond=produit&id_produit=97&id_rubrique=33 for headers and variable descriptions.

(2) ECMWF model data:
Content: daily files with vertical profiles (with temporal resolution ranging from 1 hour to 1 day, depending on the exact product) of temperature, vertical and horizontal wind.
Format: NetCDF
Source: ECMWF

Operational runs include IFS analyses ("an"), as well as IFS forecasts from 1 day lead time ("fc1d") or 7 days lead time ("fc7d").
Reanalyses are from ERA5
The data policy is CC-BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which means the data can be freely used, redistributed and adapted, but attribution must be given (e.g., mentioning ECMWF IFS analyses).
Variables description (see MARS catalogue https://apps.ecmwf.int/mars-catalogue/ ):

var129: geopotential, unit: m² s⁻²
var130: temperature, unit: K
var131: zonal (eastward) wind, unit: m s⁻¹
var132: meridional (northward) wind, unit: m s⁻¹
var135: vertical air motion, unit: m s⁻¹

(3) Ceilometer measurements from the E-Profile network
Content: daily files with vertical profiles of ceilometer measurements, including attenuated backscatter, as well as retrievals of lidar ratio and extinction coefficient, with a temporal resolution of 5 minutes.
Format: NetCDF
Source: Norwegian Meteorological Institute (MET Norway), https://thredds.met.no/thredds/catalog/vprofiles/catalog.html
The data policy is CC-BY 4.0, which allows free use, adaptation and redistribution, and requires proper attribution.

(4) Radar wind profiler or Doppler wind lidar from the E-Profile network
Content: daily files with vertical profiles of horizontal and vertical wind, with a typical temporal resolution of 30 minutes (radar wind profilers) or 10 minutes (Doppler wind lidar).
Format: NetCDF
Source: The source depends on the campaign location.

Campaign in Andøya, Norway: MAARSY (Middle Atmosphere Alomar Radar SYstem) is operated by the Leibniz-Institut für Atmosphärenphysik in Kühlungsborn, Germany. Proper attribution must be given when the data are used.
Campaign in Payerne, Switzerland, and Jungfraujoch, Switzerland. The instruments (radar wind profiler and Doppler wind lidar) are owned and operated by the Swiss Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology (MeteoSwiss). Proper attribution must be given when the data are used.