Support data for "Deciphering the Structural Diversity and Classification of IncHI2 plasmid among Salmonella enterica"

IncHI2 plasmids are large mosaic plasmids and well-known carriers of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) facilitating their transmission in Salmonella. However, the global formation and evolution of this plasmid were still unclear. Herein, we used short and long-read sequencing to characterize complete plasmid structure in multiple Salmonella serotypes and the global transmission of plasmids and structural comparison of plasmids have been inferred using public available database. A comprehensive pangenomic and phylogenomic analysis indicates that: 1) There are two types of IncHI2 plasmids (classical and epidemic plasmids), the core genes of two types plasmids showed only 98% homology; 2) The accessory genome of the IncHI2 plasmid is highly flexible and diverse, facilitated by insertion sequences; 3) The transmission routes of the IncHI2 plasmid family, inferred from our analysis of the available database, suggests that members emerged in North America, transferred to Europe and Asia and circled back; 4) The global dissemination of IncHI2 plasmids is related to the geographical region and serotype. The classical plasmids were limited in North America and rare detected serotypes, while the epidemic ones were distributed globally and in multiple predominant serotypes (i.e, Kentucky, 4,[5],12:i:-, Typhimurium). Notably, epidemic type IncHI2 plasmid lacks the carriage of ARGs in Kentucky from North America poses a potential public health risk. Taken together, our findings provide additional insights into IncHI2 plasmid structures and geographical spread, thereby complementing existing knowledge of IncHI2 plasmid distribution patterns observed across Salmonella serotypes.