Reference allele frequencies for populations pools of Atlantic Herring (Clupea harengus)

Atlantic herring is widespread in North Atlantic and adjacent waters and
is one of the most abundant vertebrates on earth. This species is well
suited to explore genetic adaptation due to minute genetic differentiation
at selectively neutral loci. Here we report hundreds of loci underlying
ecological adaptation to different geographic areas and spawning
conditions. Four of these represent megabase inversions confirmed by long
read sequencing. The genetic architecture underlying ecological adaptation
in herring deviates from expectation under a classical infinitesimal model
for complex traits because of large shifts in allele frequencies at
hundreds of loci under selection.