Comparative Analysis of Metabolic Compositions and Trace Elements of Inonotus hispidus Mushroom Grown on Five Different Tree Species

Inonotus
hispidus is a popular edible
and medicinal mushroom widely used in China. I. hispidus mushroom mainly grows on five different tree species (Morus alba L., Ulmus macrocarpa Hance, Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr., Ziziphus jujuba Mill., and Malus pumila Mill.), and their fruiting bodies were all separately used in the
market. However, there is no holistic insight to elucidate the molecular
basis of the differentiated usage. This study aimed to investigate
and compare the metabolite compositions and trace elements in I. hispidus grown on five different tree species.
The metabolomic data, 8 kinds of principal components and 12 kinds
of trace elements, were analyzed in this study. The results showed
that the same 1353 metabolites were identified in I.
hispidus grown on five different tree species, but
the relative abundance was different. The principal components and
trace elements contents are different, for example, polysaccharides,
phenol metabolites, Ca, Na, Mg, Fe, and Mn were enriched in I. hispidus grown on M. alba, the flavonoids were enriched in Z. jujuba samples, and the steroids, terpenoids, and Zn were enriched in M. pumila samples. Further, the KEGG enrichment pathway
and metabolic models were established. These findings provide a molecular
basis for the unique use of the I. hispidus mushroom grown on different tree species.