Data and code for "How digital capabilities shape cultural-tourism development in Chinese cities"

This replication package contains processed panel data and Python code supporting the machine-learning analyses reported in the manuscript “How digital capabilities shape cultural–tourism development in Chinese cities”. The balanced panel covers 280 Chinese cities from 2011 to 2023 (3,640 city-year observations). The package includes data validation, city-grouped model comparison, SHAP attribution, accumulated local effects, Moran and LISA spatial diagnostics, geographically local ExtraTrees models, robustness checks, verified reference outputs, a numerical verification report and a SHA-256 file manifest. Version 2.0 implements the revised, non-overlapping cultural–tourism development indicator system throughout and supersedes the preliminary analytical values in version 1. The analyses are predictive and associational and do not identify causal effects.