Polynitro-Functionalized Triazolylfurazanate Triaminoguanidine: Novel Green Primary Explosive with Insensitive Nature

Exploring a green
and safe primary explosive to replace very toxic
and sensitive lead azide and lead styphnate takes great efforts. Here,
a series of polynitro-functionalized triazolylfurazanate energetic
materials have been reported. These new compounds were fully characterized
by infrared, multinuclear NMR spectra, mass spectra, elemental analysis,
and differential scanning calorimetry measurements. The structure
of mono-diaminoguanidinium salt (17) was determined by
single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Inspired by the high pressurization
rate and fast energy release in triaminoguanidinium salts, some suitability
evaluation for primary explosives has been applied. Di­(triaminoguanidinium)
3-nitramino-4-(3-(dinitromethanidyl)-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)­furazanate
exhibits an excellent gas-generating capability (Pmax = 9.03 Mpa) and combustion performance (dP/dtmax = 201.5 GPa s–1) close to fast thermite Al/CuO (Pmax = 8.49 Mpa, dP/dtmax = 252.2 GPa s–1). Moreover, the good initiation
capacity (60 mg for 500 mg RDX) coupled with insensitivity in this
compound (IS = 17.4 J, FS = 240 N, ESD > 0.225 J) make it a promising
green and insensitive primary explosive.