Adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for risks of developing psychiatric disorders after epilepsy diagnosis.

aIncidence presented as per 1000 person-years.bAdjusted for age, sex, low income, urbanization, asthma, diabetes, migraine, stroke, traumatic brain injury, brain tumor, cerebral palsy, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, congenital cardiac abnormalities, pneumonia and gastrointestinal bleeding.cMental retardation: adult type, aged ≥20 and newly diagnosed after epilepsy.dIncluded ICD-9-CM 290–319 except for 290–292, 295, 296.4–296.7, 300, 301, 303–305, 306, 307.4, 309 and 317–319.ICD-9-CM, International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification.