<b>Differential Spectral Adaptation in Praying Mantises</b>

This dataset accompanies the manuscript <i>"Differential Spectral Adaptation in Praying Mantises"</i>. It includes electroretinography (ERG) data and morphological measurements used to investigate spectral sensitivity and visual ecology in three species of praying mantises—<i>Theopropus elegans</i>, <i>Popa spurca</i>, and <i>Hymenopus coronatus</i>. These species exhibit distinct camouflage strategies, and this study tests the hypothesis that their spectral sensitivities are adapted to their respective habitats.Data provided here include:Normalized ERG recordings under dark and chromatic adaptation conditionsWing reflectance spectra across 350–650 nmMorphometric measurements related to body shape and mimicryThese materials support the conclusion that <i>T. elegans</i> and <i>P. spurca</i> exhibit trichromatic sensitivity, while <i>H. coronatus</i> shows a dichromatic pattern. The data help link ecological mimicry strategies to underlying visual physiology in mantises.