LITERATURE REVIEW: DIC SYNDROME – CURRENT ISSUES IN DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a complex pathological condition characterized by uncontrolled activation of the hemostatic system, leading to the depletion of coagulation factors, widespread microthrombus formation, and severe hemorrhagic complications. The pathogenesis of DIC involves a dysregulated interplay between coagulation and fibrinolysis, with key contributors including excessive tissue factor release, endothelial dysfunction, and inflammatory activation. This review explores the fundamental mechanisms driving DIC progression, highlighting the roles of thrombin generation, platelet consumption, and fibrinolytic disturbances. Additionally, modern diagnostic approaches, including multi-biomarker panels, are discussed alongside emerging therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring hemostatic balance. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for improving early detection, risk stratification, and patient outcomes in DIC.