GIS-based modelling of rockfall disposition using climatic parameters
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For the first time in this master’s thesis WUFI (heat and humidity instationary), a software developed by the Frauenhofer Institute for Building Physics to simulate the hygrothermal behaviour of building components, perform rock moisture and temperature simulations on the rock surface in the Gesäuse National Park without direct measurements of the climatic parameters on the rock walls. For this purpose, the monthly averages of the temperature and the monthly values of precipitation are interpolated GIS-based and corrected with the resulting gradients hourly values of climate stations. Further climate data required for the simulation are used by weather stations. Due to the lack of precipitation values from higher regions, it has not been possible to interpolate them, which is why INCA data is used by the ZAMG. Wind direction and speed are also obtained from INCA. Since, in addition to rock moisture and temperature simulations, interpolation of precipitation and temperature is also of great importance for this work, the interpolation method Kriging and Digital Terrain Models, without which such regionalisation would not be possible, are described in more detail. Depending on exposure, slope and altitude, 72 virtual measuring points are distributed over the high gate group and a climate file for each of these points is created for the simulation program. In addition to the climatic parameters, WUFI requires information on the rock parameters obtained from Schnepfleitner (2012). The impact rain factor collected by Zinner (2014) for the Gesäuse is also taken into account in the simulation. The results are similar to those simulated using measured climatic parameters in previous studies: North-exposed rocks are moister than south-exposed and south-exposed regions with most frost changes. The risk of rockfall is weighed depending on two theories of frost weathering. It was found that the ice lens theory has a greater potential for weathering than the classical frost change theory.
