Annual Survey of Industries 1992-1993 - India

Abstract
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The Annual Survey of Industries (ASI) is the principal source of industrial statistics in India. It provides statistical information to assess changes in the growth, composition and structure of organised manufacturing sector comprising activities related to manufacturing processes, repair services, gas and water supply and cold storage. Industrial sector occupies an important position in the State economy and has a pivotal role to play in the rapid and balanced economic development. The Survey is conducted annually under the statutory provisions of the Collection of Statistics Act 1953, and the Rules framed there-under in 1959, except in the State of Jammu & Kashmir where it is conducted under the State Collection of Statistics Act, 1961 and the rules framed there-under in 1964.

Geographic coverage
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Coverage of the Annual Survey of Industries extends to the entire Factory Sector, comprising industrial units (called factories) registered under section 2(m)(i) and 2(m)(ii) of the Factories Act.1948, wherein a "Factory", which is the primary statistical unit of enumeration for the ASI is defined as:- "Any premises" including the precincts thereof:-
(i) wherein ten or more workers are working or were working on any day of the preceding twelve months, and in any part of which a manufacturing process is being carried on with the aid of power or is ordinarily so carried on,
or (ii) wherein twenty or more workers are working or were working on any day of the preceding twelve months, and in any part of which a manufacturing process is being carried on without the aid of power. In addition to section 2(m)(i) & 2(m)(ii) of the Factories Act, 1948, electricity units registered with the Central Electricity Authority and Bidi & Cigar units, registered under the Bidi & Cigar Workers (Conditions of Employment) Act,1966 are also covered in ASI.

Analysis unit
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The primary unit of enumeration in the survey is a factory in the case of manufacturing industries, a workshop in the case of repair services, an undertaking or a licensee in the case of electricity, gas & water supply undertakings and an establishment in the case of bidi & cigar industries. The owner of two or more establishments located in the same State and pertaining to the same industry group and belonging to same scheme (census or sample) is, however, permitted to furnish a single consolidated return. Such consolidated returns are common feature in the case of bidi and cigar establishments, electricity and certain public sector undertakings.

Universe
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The survey cover factories registered under the Factory Act 1948.
Establishments under the control of the Defence Ministry,oil storage and distribution units, restaurants and cafes and technical training institutions not producing anything for sale or exchange were kept outside the coverage of the ASI.
The geographical coverage of the Annual Survey of Industries, 1992-93 has been extended to the entire country except the states of Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram and Sikkim and Union Territory of Lakshadweep.

Kind of data
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Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure
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The sampling design followed in ASI 1992-93 is a circular systematic one. All the factories in the updated frame (universe) are divided into two sectors, viz., Census and Sample.

Census Sector: Census Sector is defined as follows:

a) All industrial units belonging to the 12 less industrially developed states/ UT's viz. Goa, Himachal Pradesh,J & K, Chandigarh, Dadra & nagar Haveli, Daman & Diu, Pondicherry, Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Tripura, Sikkim and Andaman & Nicobar Islands etc.
b) For the rest of the states/ UT's., (i) units having 100 or more workers irrespective of their operation with or without power and all electricity undertakings and (ii) all factories covered under Joint Returns.
c) After excluding the Census Sector units as defined above, all units belonging to the strata (State by 4-digit of NIC-04) having less than or equal to 4 units are also considered as Census Sector units.

Remaining units, excluding those of Census Sector, called the sample sector, are covered on sampling basis through an efficient sampling design adopting State X 3 digit industry group as stratum so as to cover all the units in a span of three years. In any stratum, if the number of units was less than 20 , then the entire stratum was enumerated completely along with census factories. In any stratum if the units is between 21 and 60, a minimum sample of size 20 was selected by Circular Systematic Sampling. For all other units a uniform sampling fraction of 1/3 was adopted.

The sample design in the sample sector was stratified unit stage one. Grouping factories in each state did formation of strata, by industry. The factories in an industry were arranged in the ascending order of district codes and within each district in the descending order of employmernt size. Thus, in each state, each industry group consituted a stratum.

Sampling deviation
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There was no deviation from sample design in ASI 1992-93

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument
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Annual Survey of Industries 1992-93 Questionnaire is divided into different blocks : (However only Summarised data is available for processing and analysis). The Summary Results are based on the information provided in the Summary block of ASI survey schedule.

Therefore, there is only one data file in ASI Summary 1992-93

Cleaning operations
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Pre-data entry scrutiny was carried out on the schedules for inter and intra block consistency checks. Such editing was mostly manual, although some editing was automatic. But, for major inconsistencies, the schedules were referred back to NSSO (FOD) for clarifications/modifications.

Code list, State code list, NIC 70, NIC 87, Concordance Table and ASICC code may be refered in the External Resources which are used for editing and data processing as well..

Sampling error estimates
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Relative Standard Error (RSE) is calculated in terms of worker, wages to worker and GVA using the formula. Programs developed in Visual Foxpro are used to compute the RSE of estimates.

Data appraisal
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To check for consistency and reliability of data the same are compared with the NIC-2digit level growth rate at all India Index of Production (IIP) and the growth rates obtained from the National Accounts Statistics at current and constant prices for the registered manufacturing sector.