SOLUTIONS FOR MASTERING COMPLEX KNOWLEDGE THROUGH PRACTICAL TRAINING IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS

Abstract. This thesis examines pedagogical solutions for mastering complex knowledge through practical training in the educational process. It argues that complex concepts are learned more effectively when theoretical explanations are integrated with purposeful action, problem solving, visualization, guided practice, collaboration, digital simulation, and reflective assessment. The paper proposes a six-stage instructional sequence consisting of diagnosis, orientation, modelling, guided performance, independent application, and reflection. Particular attention is given to cognitive load management, the gradual increase of task complexity, formative feedback, and criteria-based assessment. The suggested approach transforms practical sessions from routine exercises into structured learning environments in which students construct meaning, transfer knowledge to unfamiliar situations, and develop professional competencies.