Manifesto Project Dataset

The Manifesto Project Dataset provides the scientific community with parties’ policy positions derived from a content analysis of parties’ electoral manifestos. It covers over 1.000 parties from 1945 until today in over 50 countries on five continents.
The content analysis aims to discover party and presidential stances by quantifying their statements and messages to their electorate. A unified classification scheme with an accompanying set of rules was developed to make such statements comparable. Analysing manifestos allows for measurement of party and presidents’ policy positions across countries and elections within a common framework. Manifestos are understood to be parties’ only and presidential candidates’ main authoritative policy statements and, therefore, as indicators of the parties’ policy preferences at a given point in time.
The Manifesto Project Data Collection was originally created by the Manifesto Research Group (MRG) in the late 1970s and the 1980s. The work was continued under the name Comparative Manifestos Project (CMP) at the WZB Berlin Social Science Center in the 1990s and 2000s. Since 2009 the Manifesto Research on Political Representation (MARPOR) project updates and extends the dataset. It is funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and is still located at the WZB Berlin Social Science Center.

宣言项目数据集（Manifesto Project Dataset）为科研共同体提供了基于各政党竞选宣言内容分析所得的政党政策立场数据。该数据集涵盖了五大洲50余个国家自1945年至今的1000余个政党。
本内容分析旨在通过量化各政党及总统候选人向选民传递的声明与讯息，挖掘其政策立场。研究团队开发了一套配套规则的统一分类体系，以实现此类声明的跨样本可比性。通过对竞选宣言的分析，可在统一框架下衡量不同国家、不同选举中的政党及总统候选人政策立场。竞选宣言被视作政党发布的唯一正式政策文本，同时也是总统候选人的核心权威政策声明，因此可作为特定时间点政党政策偏好的衡量指标。
宣言项目数据集的原始编纂工作由宣言研究小组（Manifesto Research Group, MRG）于20世纪70年代末至80年代完成。20世纪90年代至21世纪初，该数据集的维护与拓展工作以‘比较宣言项目（Comparative Manifestos Project, CMP）’之名，在柏林社会科学研究中心（WZB Berlin Social Science Center）推进。自2009年起，政治代表宣言研究项目（Manifesto Research on Political Representation, MARPOR）持续对该数据集进行更新与扩充。本项目由德国研究基金会（German Research Foundation, DFG）资助，目前仍依托于柏林社会科学研究中心开展工作。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集是Manifesto Project的核心数据集合，专注于政党偏好分析，包含2019b版本。它覆盖了743次选举、1136个政党和4492份宣言，提供Stata、SPSS、CSV和Excel等多种格式下载，并附带详细的代码本和文档，用于政治文本和选举研究。