Percentage of population participating only in social insurance programs

Program coverage refers to the proportion of individuals within a specific group who receive only social insurance programs. It captures how many people in a given population group benefit from the programs. More precisely, program coverage is calculated as the number of individuals in the group who live in a household where at least one member receives the transfer, divided by the total number of individuals in that group. The measure can be computed using either the pre‑transfer or post‑transfer welfare distribution to reflect coverage before or after transfers. Coverage includes both direct and indirect beneficiaries, providing a comprehensive view of who ultimately receives program resources.