Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; PSM, propensity score matched; TZD, thiazolidinedione.+A multivariate analysis was adjusted for all variables listed in Table 1.Risk of major
aPatients were randomised 2:2:1 to the tiotropium Respimat 5 μg, tiotropium Respimat 2.5 μg and placebo Respimat groups, respectively. bAs determined by the investigator. cElevation of aspartate amino