juliensimon/iras-faint-source-catalog

IRAS暗源星表（FSC）2.0版本包含173,044个由红外天文卫星（IRAS）在12、25、60和100微米波段探测到的红外点源。该星表由Moshir等人于1992年发布，通过应用更严格的处理（以牺牲天空覆盖率为代价，约75%的天空，避开银河系平面和高红外卷云区域），将IRAS点源星表扩展到更暗的通量水平。IRAS是美国宇航局/荷兰/英国联合任务，于1983年8月至11月进行了首次敏感的全天中红外巡天。其四个光度波段（12、25、60、100微米）探测了温暖尘埃的热发射，揭示了多种先前隐藏的天体：由星暴和活动星系核驱动的超亮红外星系、主序星周围的原行星碎片盘、具有尘埃壳的渐近巨星支恒星，以及通过红外卷云发射显示的星际介质大尺度结构。这四个IRAS波段追踪逐渐变冷的尘埃：12微米追踪星形成区域的热尘埃和多环芳烃发射；25微米追踪演化恒星周围的温暖星周尘埃；60微米追踪星形成区域和星暴星系中的冷尘埃；100微米追踪冷星际尘埃（温度约20-30K）。波段间的颜色比（如F60/F25、F100/F60）是分类主要加热源的有力诊断工具。该数据集填补了集合中的中红外空白：没有其他数据集覆盖所有源类型的全天中红外点源。它作为识别射电、光学和X射线源红外对应体以及构建多波长光谱能量分布的参考星表。该数据集适用于表格分类任务。The IRAS Faint Source Catalog (FSC), version 2.0, contains 173,044 infrared point sources detected by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) at 12, 25, 60, and 100 micrometres. Published by Moshir et al. (1992), the FSC extends the IRAS Point Source Catalog to fainter flux levels by applying more stringent processing at the cost of sky coverage (~75% of sky, avoiding the galactic plane and regions of high infrared cirrus). IRAS was a joint NASA/Netherlands/UK mission that performed the first sensitive all-sky survey in the mid-infrared (August 1983 – November 1983). Its four photometric bands — 12, 25, 60, and 100 μm — probed thermal emission from warm dust, revealing a zoo of previously hidden astronomical objects: ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) driven by starbursts and AGN, proto-planetary debris disks around main-sequence stars, asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars with dust shells, and the large-scale structure of the interstellar medium through infrared cirrus emission. The four IRAS bands trace progressively cooler dust: 12 μm traces hot dust and PAH emission from star-forming regions; 25 μm traces warm circumstellar dust around evolved stars; 60 μm traces cool dust in star-forming regions and starburst galaxies; 100 μm traces cold interstellar dust (T ~ 20–30 K). The colour ratios between bands (e.g., F60/F25, F100/F60) are powerful diagnostics for classifying the dominant heating source. This dataset fills the mid-infrared gap in the collection: no other dataset covers all-sky mid-IR point sources across all source types. It serves as the reference catalog for identifying infrared counterparts of radio, optical, and X-ray sources, and for building multiwavelength SEDs. This dataset is suitable for tabular classification tasks.