Effect of landiolol on sex-related transcriptomic changes in myocardium during sepsis

We compared the myocardial transcriptional profiles in male and female rats after CLP (Cecal ligation and puncture) induction and landiolol administration. This analysis showed major differences between males and females in the biological processes activated during sepsis. In particular, a very significant decrease in processes related to cell organization, contractile function, ionic transport and PI3K-Akt signaling were observed only in males. Regarding the direct regulation of gene expression of the adrenergic pathway, there was no major differences between male and female. Moreover, our results highlighted the large number of signaling pathways dysregulated during sepsis in males that were reversed by landiolol. In particular, the level of expression of the genes encoding the contractile proteins, TUBA8 and MYH7B, the phosphatase PPP2CA, GRK5 and AKAP6 were close to their basal levels in males. In contrast, in females, only few pathways were affected by the action of landiolol. In addition, adrenergic signaling was decreased while genes potentially involved in calcium overload were overexpressed. Transcriptional profile associated with CLP and after landiolol infusion in male and female