Child Labour Survey 2001 - Ghana

Abstract
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The Ghana Child Labour Survey is the first nationwide survey in the country specifically designed to collect information on the various aspects of working children, within the framework of the International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour (IPEC). It is a two-in-one survey, which canvassed children in households as well as children on the street, using two different sample designs. The fieldwork was conducted in February 2001, with technical assistance from the International Labour Organization (ILO).
It is expected that the results of the survey will generate more awareness of child labour issues, promote the campaign against its practice, and serve as the basis for the formulation of appropriate intervention programmes.

Geographic coverage
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National

Analysis unit
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Individual person (household head and children)

Kind of data
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Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure
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The 2001 Ghana Child Labour Survey comprised both a nationwide probability sample survey of all households in Ghana and a supplementary non-probability survey of street children.

The sampling frame for the household-based sample survey was the list of all 26,555 Enumeration Areas (EAs) from the 2000 Population and Housing Census of Ghana with corresponding data on number of households. The household sample survey was based on a two-stage stratified cluster design. The frame was stratified into urban and rural localities of residence and by the 10 administrative regions in the country.

At the first stage, 500 Enumeration Areas (EAs) were systematically selected, with probability proportional to size, the measure of size being the number of census households. At the second stage, 20 households were selected from each of the 500 EAs to produce an overall sample size of 10,000 households. The design ensured that every household in the country had the same chance to be selected; in other words, the sample was self-weighting (see Appendix II for a detailed explanation of the sample design). The sampling process yielded the allocation of households to each stratum (urban/rural and region) shown in Table 2.1. The sample also yielded an average weight of 370.12 for each child. This means that each child in the survey represents about 370 children.

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face [f2f]

Cleaning operations
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Data entry was centralized at the head office. The main data entry software was the IMPS (Integrated Microcomputer Processing System). The two questionnaires, street children and the household questionnaires, were entered separately. Edit programs in CONCOR were used to edit the data, after which error listings were printed and corrected on EA level.

After editing, the ASCII data were put together and cleaned further, using SPSS and SAS. This was done by running consistency checks on every variable and the database was generated thereby. The analysis and tabulation were executed in SAS and SPSS. Estimates, standard errors, confidence intervals and design effects were generated using the CENVAR module in IMPS.

Response rate
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Out of the 10,000 selected households, 9,889 were successfully interviewed, indicating a household response rate of 98.9 percent. A similar response rate was achieved in all regions and in rural/urban areas.

{'Abstract': '《加纳童工调查》系该国首项旨在收集有关儿童工作各方面信息的全国性调查，该调查在消除童工国际计划（IPEC）的框架内进行设计。此项调查兼具双重属性，不仅涵盖家庭中的儿童，亦涉及街头儿童，采用了两种不同的抽样设计。实地调查于2001年2月进行，并得到了国际劳工组织（ILO）的技术援助。预期该调查结果将提高公众对童工问题的认识，推动反对童工的宣传活动，并为制定相应的干预项目提供基础。', 'Geographic_coverage': '全国范围', 'Analysis_unit': '个人（家庭户主及儿童）', 'Kind_of_data': '样本调查数据 [ssd]', 'Sampling_procedure': '2001年加纳童工调查包括对加纳所有家庭的全国概率样本调查以及针对街头儿童的补充非概率调查。
抽样框架基于2000年加纳人口与住房普查中的所有26,555个调查区（EA）列表及其对应的家庭数量数据。家庭样本调查基于两阶段分层聚类设计。抽样框架被划分为居住地的城市和农村地区以及国家的10个行政区域。
在第一阶段，按照家庭数量比例，系统性地选取了500个调查区（EA）。在第二阶段，从每个选定的500个调查区中选取20户家庭，从而形成一个包含10,000户家庭的总体样本。该设计确保了国家每个家庭被选中的机会均等；换句话说，样本是自我加权（详见附录II中关于样本设计的详细说明）。抽样过程产生了每个层（城市/农村和地区）的家庭分配。样本还产生了每个儿童的平均权重为370.12。这意味着调查中的每个儿童代表了大约370名儿童。', 'Mode_of_data_collection': '面对面 [f2f]', 'Cleaning_operations': '数据录入集中在大本营进行。主要的数据录入软件为IMPS（集成微计算机处理系统）。两个问卷，即街头儿童问卷和家庭问卷，分别录入。使用CONCOR中的编辑程序对数据进行编辑，之后打印错误列表并在调查区级别进行更正。
编辑完成后，使用SPSS和SAS对ASCII数据进行合并和进一步清理。这通过在每个变量和数据库上运行一致性检查来完成。分析和制表在SAS和SPSS中进行。使用IMPS中的CENVAR模块生成估计值、标准误差、置信区间和设计效应。', 'Response_rate': '在10,000个被选中的家庭中，成功访谈了9,889户，显示出98.9%的家庭回应率。所有地区和农村/城市地区均实现了类似的回应率。'}