Climate — Precipitation

Precipitation is presented seasonally and for the whole year, for three thirty-year periods: 1971-2000, 2031–2060 and 2071–2100. Future periods show change (future period vs 1971-2000). The climate projections of average precipitation are calculated by the Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate (NVE) in cooperation with the Norwegian Climate Service Centre (KSS).The results are documented in the report Climate in Norway 2100 (Hanssen-Bauer et al., 2015), available at https://klimaservicesenter.no. The maps are presented as the 30-year average for three periods: 1971-2000, 2031–2060 and 2071–2100. Both annual and seasonal values (spring, summer, autumn and winter) are available. The reference period shows absolute values for 1971-2000, while the two projection periods, 2031–2060 and 2071–2100, show changes relative to the reference period (e.g. the average of 2071–2100 minus the 1971-2000 average). Future periods show expected changes in a medium emission scenario, RCP4.5 and high emission scenario, RCP8.5. Due to systematic biases in the results of GCM/RCM models, and because these have much coarser resolution than power models, a post-processing is required to achieve plausible time series for use in local impact studies. The method is described in detail in NVE report 59-2016 (Wong et al., 2016). In short, an empirical quantilmapping method (EQM) is used to bias-adjust Euro-CORDEX simulations to Norway, by first re-griding to 1 x 1 km and by bias-adjusting against lateorge version 1.1 as observed data, for each grid cell. References: Hanssen-Bauer, I., E.J.Førland, I.Haddeland, H.Hisdal, S.Mayer, A.Nesje, J.E.Ø.Nilsen, S.Sandven, A.B.Sandø, A.Sorteberg and B.Ådlandsvik, 2015: Climate in Norway 2100 — Knowledge basis for climate adaptation updated in 2015. Norwegian Climate Service Centre, NCCS Report 2/2015 203pp. ISSN: 2387-3027 https://klimaservicesenter.no/kss/rapporter/kin2100 Wong, W., Haddeland, I., Lawrence, D., and Beldring, S. (2016). Gridded 1x1 km climate and Hydrological projections for Norway. NVE Report No. 59, Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate, Oslo, Norway. https://publikasjoner.nve.no/rapport/2016/rapport2016_59.pdf