Editing of Nicotiana tabacum chloroplast DNA by using transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN)

The next generation sequencing of total DNA from leaf tissues through Illumina platforms were carried out among transgenic tobacco lines, which a pair of nuclear TALEN genes driven by leaf-specific rbcS promoter was overexpressed. The recombinant TALEN proteins expressed in trannsgenic plants were expected to be directed to chloroplasts by transit peptide at N-terminal and then specifically cause the DNA double strand break of the rpoB gene.