Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of baicalein's immunomodulatory effects in lung graft ischemia-reperfusion injury

This dataset encompasses single-cell RNA sequencing data from lung graft samples subjected to ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) with and without baicalein treatment, as well as sham-operated controls. A total of 105,337 cells were initially obtained across nine samples, followed by rigorous quality control measures that yielded 83,590 high-quality cells for downstream analysis. The analysis identified 14 classical immune cell types and 36 subpopulations, highlighting significant differences in neutrophil composition and gene expression between baicalein-treated (BI) and untreated IRI (IR) groups. Specifically, the BI group exhibited a marked reduction in neutrophil abundance and a lower activation level of the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway. Differentially expressed gene analysis in neutrophils identified 263 upregulated and 337 downregulated genes in the BI group compared to the IR group, with functional enrichment analysis revealing pathways associated with immune regulation and cellular stress responses. These findings provide valuable insights into the immunomodulatory effects of baicalein during lung graft IRI and offer a resource for further investigation into therapeutic mechanisms. Overall design: To investigate the immunomodulatory effects of baicalein on lung graft IRI, a single-cell RNA sequencing experiment was conducted using lung graft samples. The experiment involved three groups: a BI group, an untreated IR group, and a Sham group, each comprising three biological replicates. Utilizing the orthotopic left LTx model in rats, lung tissue specimens from the transplanted left lung were procured. Single-cell suspensions were prepared from the lung graft tissues, followed by library preparation and sequencing using 10x Genomics technology. After rigorous quality control with Seurat and DoubleFinder, 83,590 high-quality cells were retained for analysis. Cells were clustered into 14 classical immune cell types and further subdivided into 36 subpopulations. Neutrophils showed the most pronounced differences between the BI and IR groups, with significant reductions in abundance and differential gene expression patterns in the BI group. The data provide a comprehensive view of immune cell dynamics and the impact of baicalein on neutrophil-related signaling pathways, such as the AGE-RAGE pathway, during lung graft IRI.