Data underlying the publication: More vulnerable, less resilient? Insights into the spatial-temporal dynamics of vulnerability, resilience and adaptive capacity from the 2019 European heatwave

This dataset comprises processed open data utilized to analyze the relationships between urban vulnerability and resilience during the 2019 European heatwave, through ambulance call data. The study concentrates on three major Dutch cities: Amsterdam, Rotterdam, and The Hague. All data included is open access, and relevant links are provided below.<br>Hourly Ambulance Call Data: - Ambulance call records made during the 2019 European heatwave. - Spatially allocated to city districts, enabling temporal and spatial analysis of emergency responses during extreme heat events.<br>District Socio-Demographic Data: - Provides insights into population characteristics at the district level. - Includes data on income, age distribution, education levels, and other socio-economic factors influencing vulnerability or resilience.<br>City Boundaries and District Shapefiles: - Geospatial data facilitating spatial analysis and visualization. - Includes shapefiles for city boundaries and districts to support mapping and spatial correlation studies.<br>Urban Heat Island (UHI) Effect Data: - Sourced from https://www.klimaateffectatlas.nl/, illustrating areas within the cities that experience higher temperatures due to urbanization. - Essential for assessing the impact of UHI on public health and emergency services demand.<br>District-Level Health Data: - Obtained from the Dutch National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (https://www.rivm.nl/). - Includes factors such as the prevalence of pre-existing health conditions and social isolation (e.g., loneliness), which may affect vulnerability to heatwaves.<br>Temperature Data: - Meteorological data sourced from https://darksky.net/, providing detailed temperature readings. - Crucial for analyzing the correlation between temperature fluctuations and ambulance call volumes.<br>For a comprehensive guide on how to work with and analyze this dataset, please refer to our GitHub repository.<br>Note that all data is open access and complies with relevant data protection and privacy regulations. Users are encouraged to cite the original data sources when publishing results derived from this dataset.

本数据集包含经预处理的公开开放数据，旨在依托救护车呼叫数据分析2019年欧洲热浪期间城市脆弱性与韧性之间的关联关系。本研究聚焦荷兰三大核心城市：阿姆斯特丹、鹿特丹与海牙。本数据集收录的全部数据均为公开可获取资源，相关链接详见下文。

每小时救护车呼叫数据：
- 2019年欧洲热浪期间产生的救护车呼叫记录
- 已按城市行政区完成空间分配，可支撑极端热浪事件下应急响应的时空分析

行政区社会人口统计数据：
- 可提供行政区层面的人口特征洞察
- 包含收入水平、年龄分布、受教育程度及其他影响城市脆弱性或韧性的社会经济因素

城市边界与行政区形状文件（Shapefile）：
- 用于辅助空间分析与可视化的地理空间数据
- 包含城市边界与行政区的形状文件，可支持制图与空间相关性研究

城市热岛（Urban Heat Island, UHI）效应数据：
- 数据来源为https://www.klimaateffectatlas.nl/，用于展示城市范围内因城市化效应出现高温的区域
- 该数据对于评估城市热岛效应对公共卫生与应急服务需求的影响至关重要

行政区层面健康数据：
- 数据取自荷兰国家公共卫生与环境研究所（https://www.rivm.nl/）
- 包含诸如基础性健康疾病患病率、社交孤立状况（如孤独感）等可能影响热浪脆弱性的相关因素

气温数据：
- 气象数据来源为https://darksky.net/，提供精细化气温观测值
- 该数据对于分析气温波动与救护车呼叫量之间的相关性具有关键作用

如需获取本数据集的完整使用与分析操作指南，请参阅我们的GitHub仓库。

请注意，本数据集所有数据均为公开可获取资源，且符合相关数据保护与隐私法规要求。鼓励使用者在基于本数据集生成的研究成果中引用原始数据来源。