Average nest attentiveness, recess frequency and recess duration per 24 hrs of uni- and biparentally incubating shorebirds in different climates.

Climate is subdivided into arctic (‘Arc’), temperate (‘Temp’) or tropical (Trop'). In bold are the ranges of average values for uniparentals and biparentals in Arctic or temperate regions and for biparentals in tropical regions summarized. They are compared with the values for sanderling based on this study (also in bold). Abbreviations for recording methods refer to visual observation (obs), camera surveillance (camera), recording of nest (Tnest) or egg temperature (Tegg), or recording of presence of PIT-tagged parents (PIT).*Based on 20 clutches of which two were never attended by a male and were thus uniparental, and 10 others only attended by males during daytime.