Patient demographics and lifestyle characteristics at the index date, and comorbidities significantly associated with uncomplicated PUD development, in a UK primary care population during 1997–2005.

Abbreviations: ASA, acetylsalicylic acid; BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; GERD, gastroesophageal reflux disease; GI, gastrointestinal; H2RA, histamine type 2 receptor antagonist; NA, not applicable (controls were frequency-matched to cases by sex and age); NSAID, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; OR, odds ratio; PCP, primary care physician; PPI, proton pump inhibitor; PUD, peptic ulcer disease.aRelative to the indicated category, and adjusted when appropriate for sex, age, year of index date, number of PCP visits and specialist referrals in the year before the index date, smoking status, and use of gastroprotective drugs (PPIs or H2RAs), paracetamol, ASA and NSAIDs.bNone/occasional, cRelative to being free from the respective comorbidity. Only significantly associated comorbidities are listed.dIncluding nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia, heartburn and epigastric pain.