Does Gender Equality Reshape the Environmental Kuznets Curve? Threshold Effects and Distributional Heterogeneity across OECD Countries

This repository contains the replication data and code for the study "Does Gender Equality Reshape the Environmental Kuznets Curve? Threshold Effects and Distributional Heterogeneity across OECD Countries" by Volkan Alptekin and Duygu Alptekin. The dataset consists of a balanced panel of 36 OECD countries observed annually from 2002 to 2023 (N = 792 country-year observations), combining CO₂ emissions, GDP per capita, and control variables from the World Bank World Development Indicators and World Governance Indicators, merged with the UNDP Gender Inequality Index (GII). The accompanying R script reproduces the full empirical pipeline: descriptive statistics, a baseline two-way fixed-effects Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) model, Driscoll-Kraay robust standard errors, a Hansen (1999) panel threshold regression using GII as the threshold variable, and a Canay (2011) panel quantile regression. Full variable definitions, methodological notes, and software requirements are provided in the included README.md file. Keywords: Environmental Kuznets Curve, gender inequality, panel threshold regression, panel quantile regression, OECD, CO₂ emissions