Prevalence, risk factors and outcomes of acute kidney injury in a pediatric cardiac intensive care unit: A retrospective study

The dataset for this research study comprises retrospective data collected from Electronic Health Records (EHR) of patients admitted to the Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Unit (PCICU) at Children's Medical Center hospital in Tehran, Iran. The study period spans from March 2018 to March 2022. The PCICU primarily serves critically-ill patients with primary or secondary cardiac disease, excluding immediately post-operative patients who are cared for in a separate unit.

To minimize bias, only data from the first admission episode were included in the analysis. The study design adhered to ethical guidelines and received approval from the TUMS research ethics committee (Ethical code IR.TUMS.CHMC.REC.1400.027).

Exclusion criteria were applied to filter the dataset, excluding patients aged ≤30 days or ≥18 years, those with a duration of admission less than three days, incomplete records for diagnosing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) based on Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria, and individuals with known underlying renal disease or chronic kidney disease (CKD).

The dataset consists of 253 randomly selected patients who were further analyzed. Among these patients, a subset did not meet the criteria for AKI according to KDIGO criteria and served as controls. The patients were followed up until discharge or death, and various variables were recorded for analysis.

The recorded variables include basic demographic information (age, sex, weight), the type of congenital heart disease, fluid limitation, administration of specific drugs (furosemide, vancomycin, aminoglycoside), use of mechanical ventilation, and the occurrence of angiography during the admission. Outcome variables, such as in-hospital mortality, ICU length of stay (LOS), and the need for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), were also documented.

The classification of heart disease includes three subgroups: cyanotic heart disease (e.g., Tetralogy of Fallot, Pulmonary Atresia), acyanotic heart disease (e.g., Atrial Septal Defect, Ventricular Septal Defect), and non-structural heart disease (e.g., myocarditis, Cardiomyopathy). The fluid maintenance needs were calculated based on the Holliday-Segar method, and patients who did not receive the calculated daily fluid maintenance were categorized in the limited fluid intake group. The administration of furosemide, aminoglycoside, and vancomycin was considered relevant to the AKI group only if it occurred within seven days prior to the development of AKI. Angiographic data from patients who underwent such studies during the current admission were retrieved from their medical records.

This dataset provides valuable information for investigating the association between various factors (demographics, disease types, fluid intake, medication usage, mechanical ventilation, angiography) and outcomes (mortality, LOS, CPR) in the context of the PCICU at Children's Medical Center hospital.

本研究之数据集由伊朗德黑兰儿童医学中心医院儿科心脏病重症监护室（PCICU）患者的电子健康记录（EHR）中收集的回顾性数据构成。研究时间段跨越2018年3月至2022年3月。PCICU主要服务于患有原发性或继发性心脏疾病的危重患者，排除术后即刻患者在独立单位接受照护的情况。为了减少偏差，仅纳入首次入院病例的数据进行分析。研究设计遵循伦理指南，并已获得德黑兰医科大学研究伦理委员会的批准（伦理编号IR.TUMS.CHMC.REC.1400.027）。应用排除标准对数据集进行筛选，排除年龄≤30天或≥18岁的患者，入院时间少于三天的患者，根据肾脏病改善全球预后（KDIGO）标准诊断急性肾脏损伤（AKI）记录不完整者，以及已知存在潜在肾脏疾病或慢性肾脏病（CKD）的个体。数据集包括253名随机选择的病人，他们对数据进行了进一步分析。在这些病人中，一部分根据KDIGO标准不符合AKI诊断标准，作为对照组。患者直至出院或死亡期间均接受随访，并记录了多种变量以供分析。记录的变量包括基本人口统计学信息（年龄、性别、体重）、先天性心脏病类型、液体限制、特定药物（呋塞米、万古霉素、氨基糖苷类）的给药、机械通气的使用，以及入院期间进行血管造影的发生情况。还记录了结果变量，如院内死亡率、重症监护病房住院时间（LOS）和心肺复苏（CPR）的需要情况。心脏病分类包括三个亚组：发绀性心脏病（例如，法洛四联症、肺动脉闭锁）、非发绀性心脏病（例如，房间隔缺损、室间隔缺损）和非结构性心脏病（例如，心肌炎、心肌病）。基于Holliday-Segar方法计算液体维持需求，未接受计算出的每日液体维持量的患者被归类为限制液体摄入组。只有在AKI发生前七天内给药的呋塞米、氨基糖苷类和万古霉素被视为与AKI组相关。从在本次入院期间进行此类研究的患者的病历中检索了血管造影数据。本数据集为探究各种因素（人口统计学、疾病类型、液体摄入、药物使用、机械通气、血管造影）与结果（死亡率、LOS、CPR）在儿童医学中心医院PCICU背景下的关联提供了宝贵信息。