Simulation and experiment data of wide spectrum speckle custom and multi-color Fluorescence Super-Resolution imaging

The data generation and processing process is as follows: based on the theory of light field propagation, simulating the transmission process of the entire system, and mainly focusing on the system response of different wavelengths of incident light sources. The obtained speckle are the processed data, and the speckle contrast is calculated according to the formula. In terms of imaging, a non-coherent imaging model is constructed, and the compressed sensing algorithm is used to reconstruct the target. The reconstruction results are calculated to obtain structural similarity SSIM and peak signal-to-noise ratio PSNR with the target's ground truth. The column in Table 1 shows the three different sizes of fluorescent microspheres and the row in Table 1 shows the reconstruction quality (characterized by SSIM and PSNR) at different noise levels (different photon numbers); The column in Table 2 shows the three different densities of fluorescent microspheres and the row in Table 2 shows the reconstruction quality (characterized by SSIM and PSNR) at different noise levels (different photon numbers); The size unit of fluorescent microspheres is pixels, which represents the number of pixels, and the density unit of fluorescent microspheres is um-2, which represents the number of fluorescent microspheres per square micrometer. There is an error of ± 0.5 in the table data, because adding noise is randomly and cannot guarantee consistency every time. Therefore, it may have a slight impact on the calculation results but does not affect the final conclusion. Figure 1 is the design flowchart of a wideband speckle modulation method based on multi wavelength backpropagation theory and iterative optimization algorithm; Figure 2 shows the speckle patterns with different statistical distributions over a customized broadband range (including the speckle patterns with both Sub-Raleigh and Super Rayleigh distributions); Figure 3 shows the quantitative study of the modulation capability of this modulation method, using the example of super Rayleigh speckle to simulate its characteristics under different modulation wavelength numbers; Figure 4 shows the simulation of customization of multi wavelength ultra Rayleigh speckle patterns, which have been experimentally validated; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a single exposure multi-color fluorescence super-resolution microscopy ghost imaging system; Figure 6 shows the simulated three-color imaging results obtained using multi wavelength super-Rayleigh speckle modulation; Figure 7 shows the simulation comparison of reconstruction results using Rayleigh and super-Rayleigh speckle modulation at different photon numbers; Tables 1 and 2 show the effects of fluorescence microsphere size and density on reconstruction under different noise levels in simulations.