Monolithically Integrating the Dynamic Memristor onto a Geiger Mode Avalanche Photodiode

The I-V curve was conducted by B1500A. The optical excitation pulse (\u03bb=761.6 nm) was generated by a picosecond laser system and attenuated to an average photon flux of 8 photons per pulse using a programmable fiber attenuator. The responsivity of GmAPD at 761nm enables calibration of the input light intensity using the photo-current read by Keithley 2400.The avalanche response signal was capacitively coupled from the GmAPD through a broadband bias tee, subsequently amplified by a low-noise RF amplifier, and directed to either a high-speed oscilloscope for pulse waveform characterization or a time-correlated photon counting module for temporal statistics.