Laser-induced color centers in crystals

Color centers are widely used in quantum information, quantum sensing, micro-nano optics and other relevant fields. In addition to the traditional ways that can generate color centers, for instance, ion beam implantation,
direct laser writing (DLW) technology has recently emerged as an appealing alternative to induce color centers because it enables true three-dimensional and high precision machining. Particularly, DLW can induce color centers near/on the surface or inside the crystals with a homogeneous and pure surrounding environment, which permits subsequent integration with other components. In this paper, the recent advances in laser-induced color centers in different crystals are comprehensively reviewed, including diamond, silicon carbide, alkali halide crystals and others. Meanwhile, cutting-edge applications of laser-induced color centers are introduced. Lastly, current challenges and future perspective of this field have been discussed.