Table_2_The archaeal and bacterial community structure in composted cow manures is defined by the original populations: a shotgun metagenomic approach.DOCX

IntroductionOrganic wastes are composted to increase their plant nutritional value, but little is known about how this might alter the bacterial and archaeal community structure and their genes.MethodsCow manure was collected from three local small-scale farmers and composted under controlled conditions, while the bacterial and archaeal communities were determined using shotgun metagenomics at the onset and after 74 days of composting.ResultsThe bacterial, archaeal, methanogen, methanotrophs, methylotroph, and nitrifying community structures and their genes were affected by composting for 74 days, but the original composition of these communities determined the changes. Most of these archaeal and bacterial groups showed considerable variation after composting and between the cow manures. However, the differences in the relative abundance of their genes were much smaller compared to those of the archaeal or bacterial groups.DiscussionIt was found that composting of different cow manures did not result in similar bacterial or archaeal communities, and the changes that were found after 74 days were defined by the original populations. However, more research is necessary to determine if other composting conditions will give the same results.

引言：有机废弃物经过堆肥化处理以提升其植物营养价值，然而，关于这一过程如何改变细菌和古菌群落结构及其基因的知之甚少。方法：本研究收集了来自三位当地小型农户的牛粪，在控制条件下进行堆肥化处理，并利用枪式宏基因组学技术在堆肥化开始时以及堆肥化74天后确定细菌和古菌群落。结果：经过74天堆肥化处理，细菌、古菌、产甲烷菌、甲烷氧化菌、甲基营养菌和硝化菌的群落结构及其基因均受到显著影响，但这些群落的原初组成决定了变化的方向。大多数古菌和细菌群体在堆肥化后以及不同牛粪之间均表现出显著的变异，然而，与古菌或细菌群体相比，其基因的相对丰度差异则相对较小。讨论：研究发现，不同牛粪的堆肥化处理并未导致相似的细菌或古菌群落，且在74天后观察到的变化由原始种群所决定。然而，为进一步确定其他堆肥化条件是否会产生相同的结果，仍需进行更多的研究。