Data and code

The dataset supporting this study originates from field manipulative experiments conducted in two temperate steppe ecosystems in Inner Mongolia, China: a <i>Stipa krylovii</i> typical grassland (Sti-Tpl) and a <i>Leymus chinensis</i> meadow steppe (Ley-Mdw). The dataset includes measurements of ecosystem CO₂ fluxes (NEP, GEP, RE), plant community composition (species identity, abundance, height, cover), aboveground biomass, plant diversity indices (Shannon, Pielou, Margalef), and microclimatic variables (air temperature, soil temperature, and soil water content). These data were collected before, during, and after simulated heatwave events, under both mowing and non-mowing conditions.The main purpose of the dataset is to evaluate the effects of heatwaves and mowing on grassland functional stability, quantify resistance and recovery indices of carbon fluxes, and explore the driving mechanisms from the perspective of dominant species importance and biodiversity.Statistical analyses were performed using R software (version 4.3.1), including random forest analysis, and piecewise structural equation modeling (piecewiseSEM package).