Gravity Continuity Is Not Magmatic Connectivity: Blind Tests of Lunar Volcanic Systems at Marius and Rümker Hills

This record is the complete data and reproducibility package for the JGR: Planets manuscript “Gravity Continuity Is Not Magmatic Connectivity: Blind Tests of Lunar Volcanic Systems at Marius and Rümker Hills”. The study tests whether spatially continuous lunar Bouguer gravity anomalies uniquely require connected subsurface magmatic bodies, or whether apparent continuity can arise from long-wavelength gravity, overlapping source responses, regional-background choices, spatially correlated residuals, and potential-field nonuniqueness.The archive contains the locked regional gravity grids and exact spherical-harmonic degree-band products used in the manuscript; final figures and figure-source data; MATLAB and Python programs; the validated variable-density frustum forward solver; deterministic connected-versus-disconnected model searches; spatially withheld prediction results; correlated-residual null experiments; translation-scale robustness outputs; Rümker Hills cross-validation products; lateral-contrast and vertical-density detection-power experiments; and the complete Supporting Information. SHA-256 manifests and automated Python and MATLAB validators are included.The workflow combines exact spectral separation, parsimonious physical source models, training-only model selection, withheld-corridor or withheld-lobe prediction, realistic null experiments, and synthetic power analysis. The locked results support regional excess mass and possible lateral heterogeneity, but show that the tested gravity data do not uniquely resolve a shallow Marius conduit, a full-crustal east–west partition at Rümker Hills, or a detailed vertical-density profile. The archived physical H0/H1 calculations use deterministic geometry grids with constrained linear least-squares estimation; they are not HGS or MOHGS inversions.The complete global GRGM1200B gravity and LDEM topography coefficient archives are not redistributed. Exact derived regional products and instructions for independently obtaining the external inputs are included. Source code is released under the MIT License; author-generated data, figures, and documentation are released under CC BY 4.0. Users should also cite the original gravity, topography, and prior-study sources listed in the manuscript.