EFFECT OF A MULTIPHASE DIETARY INTERVENTION IN METABOLIC PROFILE AND GUT MICROBIOTA COMPOSITION IN METABOLICALLY HEALTHY AND UNHEALTHY OBESE SUBJECTS

Gut microbiota plays an important role in the development and progression of obesity comorbidities, since different gut microbiota metabolites can interfere with both glycemic and lipid metabolism, even modulate the inflammatory response. Depending on the metabolic phenotype, obese population can present different gut microbiota composition and, consequently, different production of its metabolites. However, little is known how can affect the same dietary intervention in both metabolic phenotypes simultaneously at gut microbiota composition and metabolites. The current study describes different fecal microbial and serum metabolites signatures between two obese phenotypes (with metabolic syndrome, or metabolically healthy obesity) after a 6-month multiphase dietary intervention. We found that weight loss improved gut microbiota diversity and composition, being more effective in participants with metabolic syndrome. Furthermore, only metabolic syndrome group showed a significant improvement in serum levels of trimethylamine, acetate, aminobutyric and phenylpropionate. In addition, strong correlations are observed between gut microbiota and clinical parameters. Together, our results demonstrate how population with obesity can respond differently to the same dietary intervention in gut microbiota parameters according to their metabolic phenotype. In conclusion, multiphase dietary intervention positively impacts inflammatory response, microbiota serum metabolites, and microbiota composition, being these differences more pronounced in metabolic syndrome.