“一带一路”沿线65个国家自然灾害数据（1900-2018）

“一带一路”沿线国家灾害数据，主要来自全球灾害数据库。该数据库记录的灾害信息来源于联合国、政府和非政府组织、研究机构和媒体等多种途径；数据指标详细记录了灾害发生国家、灾害类型、发生日期、死亡人数和经济损失估计等信息。
本研究从该数据库逐条摘录一带一路沿线国家自然灾害记录，最终形成沿线65国9大主要灾种的灾害数据库。
搜集整理的自然灾害记录，大致可以分为9类，包括：洪涝、滑坡、极端气温、风暴、干旱、林火、地震、块体运动和火山活动等。
一带一路沿线国家，1900~2018年，总计5479条灾害记录；其中，2000~2015年，有2673条灾害记录。在此基础上，从灾害频次、死亡人口、受灾人口和经济估损等4个方面，开展沿线国家的自然灾害情况调查。
整体上看，一带一路沿线国家，1900年以来，总计发生各类自然灾害5479次，导致约1900万人死亡，造成经济损失约9500亿美元。其中，发生频次最多的是洪涝和风暴；经济损失最多的是洪涝和地震；受灾人口最多的是洪涝和干旱；死亡人口最多的是干旱和洪涝。

The disaster data of countries along the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is mainly sourced from the Global Disaster Database. The disaster information recorded in this database is collected from multiple channels including the United Nations, governmental and non-governmental organizations, research institutions, and media outlets. The data indicators comprehensively record details such as the country where the disaster occurred, disaster type, occurrence date, number of fatalities, and estimated economic loss.

This study extracted natural disaster records of BRI countries line by line from the database, and finally formed a disaster database covering 65 countries and 9 major types of disasters.

The collected natural disaster records can be roughly divided into 9 categories, including floods, landslides, extreme temperatures, storms, droughts, wildfires, earthquakes, mass movements, and volcanic activities.

From 1900 to 2018, there are a total of 5479 disaster records of countries along the BRI; among them, 2673 records were generated during the period from 2000 to 2015. On this basis, investigations on natural disaster situations of these countries were carried out from four aspects: disaster frequency, number of fatalities, number of affected people, and estimated economic loss.

Overall, since 1900, various natural disasters have occurred 5479 times in countries along the BRI, resulting in approximately 19 million fatalities and about 950 billion USD in economic losses. Among them, floods and storms are the most frequently occurring disaster types; floods and earthquakes cause the highest economic losses; floods and droughts affect the largest number of people; and droughts and floods lead to the highest number of fatalities.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集总结了“一带一路”沿线65个国家在1900年至2018年间的自然灾害情况，共包含5479条记录，涵盖洪涝、风暴、干旱等9大灾种。数据从全球灾害数据库整理而来，提供了灾害频次、死亡人口、受灾人口和经济损失等关键指标，旨在支持沿线国家自然灾害风险评估和研究。