LPS preconditioning enhances the therapeutic efficacy of MSC-derived exosomes in sepsis by altering miRNA expression profile

Studies have shown that stimulation of Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with biophysical or biochemical cues could influence the contents and biological activities of subsequent MSC-derived exosomes. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully clarified. Here, we pretreated MSCs with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and evaluated exosomes (LPS-Exo) therapeutic effects in sepsis. Analysis of exosomes activity revealed that LPS-Exo treatment improved sepsis to a greater extent than normal MSCs-derived exosomes (Exo). Further analysis revealed that LPS-Exo exert their protective effects mainly through RNA contents. Thus, we hypothesized that LPS preconditioning enhances the therapeutic efficacy of LPS-Exo in sepsis by altering miRNA expression profile. Overall design: In order to explore the effect of LPS pretreatment on the miRNA expression profile of MSC-derived exosomes, the miRNAs in the normal exosomes and LPS-stimulated exosomes were sequenced and compared.