Mikrocensus 1996, 2. quarter: Birth-Biography, Educational Career

This Mikrozensus special survey consists of 2 parts which both have population statistical background. On question block is on birth-biography (which includes questions on the frequency of marriages) and the other is on the educational career. The block on the birth-biography is not new since it is identical to the one from the surveys in June 1991 (Mikrozensus MZ9102) and June 1986 (Mikrozensus MZ8602) and similar to those from 1981 (Mikrozensus MZ8102) and 1976 (Mikrozensus MZ7602). The family is currently in a state of flux. The birthrate today is much lower than in past times. The number of new marriages is declining while the number of young people who stay single increases. Many people live in extramarital life partnerships. On the other hand, divorce rates have increased so much that nowadays every third married couple gets a divorce. To add numbers to these undeniable trends it is necessary to have reliable information from the Mikrozensus standard surveys complemented by Mikrozensus special surveys. The topic educational career has never been covered so thoroughly in any Mikrozensus, although some questions had been part of past special programs, e.g. in the special program “advanced education” from December 1989 (Mikrozensus MZ8904). There is no available up-to-date data which would give sufficient information for various problems (e.g. Europe-wide programs with educational-political goals or labour force research in Austria) since results from the institutionalised educational statistics (school- and high-school statistics) as well as the population census offer only limited information.

本次微人口普查（Mikrozensus）专项调查包含两个板块，二者均围绕人口统计主题展开。其中一个问题板块聚焦于生育人生轨迹（包含婚姻频次相关问题），另一个板块则围绕教育履历展开。生育人生轨迹板块并非首次推出，其内容与1991年6月（微人口普查MZ9102）、1986年6月（微人口普查MZ8602）的调查问卷完全一致，且与1981年（微人口普查MZ8102）及1976年（微人口普查MZ7602）的相关问卷高度相似。当前家庭结构正处于动态变化之中。如今的生育率远低于过往时期；新婚登记数量持续下滑，而选择单身的青年群体规模不断扩大；诸多民众选择非婚同居伴侣关系。与此同时，离婚率大幅攀升，当前每三对已婚夫妇中就有一对最终走向离婚。为量化这些无可辩驳的社会趋势，亟需依托微人口普查常规调查，并辅以专项调查获取可靠数据支撑。教育履历主题此前从未在任何一次微人口普查中得到如此全面的覆盖，尽管部分相关问题曾出现在过往专项调查中，例如1989年12月推出的“进阶教育”专项调查（微人口普查MZ8904）。当前尚无能够为各类研究课题提供充分数据支撑的最新数据集——例如旨在达成教育政治目标的全欧项目，或是奥地利国内的劳动力研究——这是因为现有制度化教育统计数据（含中小学教育统计）及人口普查结果所能提供的信息均较为有限。