Chromosome 11-Centric Human Proteome Analysis of Human Brain Hippocampus Tissue

Human chromosome 11 is the third gene-rich chromosome
having 1304 protein-coding genes. According to the GeneCards, this
chromosome contains 240 genes related to diseases, as it is well known
as a disease-rich chromosome. Although there are many protein-coding
genes, the proteomic identification ratio is rather low. As a model
study, human hippocampal tissues from patients suffering from Alzheimer’s
disease and epilepsy were prepared to evaluate the gene-centric statistics
related to the gene expression and disorders of chromosome 11. A total
of 8828 protein coding genes from brain tissues were extensively off-gel
fractionated and profiled by a high resolution mass spectrometer with
collision induced dissociation and electron transfer dissociation.
Five-hundred twenty-three of the proteins from brain tissues were
determined to belong to chromosome 11, representing 37% of the proteins
reported in the Global Proteome Machine Database. We extracted gene
clusters from a specific biological process or molecular function
in gene ontology, among which the olfactory receptor genes showed
the largest cluster on chromosome 11. Analysis of the proteome data
set from the hippocampus provides a significant network associated
with genes and proteins and leads to new insights into the biological
and genetic mechanisms of chromosome 11-specific diseases such as
Alzheimer’s disease.