Results of the phylogenetic ANOVA analyses testing whether variation in life history and phenotype traits are associated with the presence of snake predators on each island.

This analysis assumes that the islands of Niijima, Shikine, and Toshima were colonized more than once. P-values ≤0.05 are in bold, and P-values that are significant after table-wide sequential Bonferroni-correction are in indicated with an asterisk.